In-Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO) also known as “chemical oxidation “, is an In-Situ remedial technology that reduces concentrations of volatile constituents adsorbed to soils in the saturated zone. In-Situ chemical oxidation involves the introduction of a chemical oxidant into the subsurface for the purpose of transforming ground water or soil contaminants into less harmful chemical species. There are several different forms of oxidants that have been used for ISCO; the four most commonly used oxidants: Permanganate (MnO4-), Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) and Iron (Fe) (Fenton-driven, or H2O2-derived oxidation), Per Sulfate (S2O82), and Ozone (O3). The type and physical form of the oxidant indicates the general materials handling and injection requirements. The persistence of the oxidant in the subsurface is important since this affects the contact time for advective and diffusive transport and ultimately the delivery of oxidant to targeted zones in the subsurface.

 

This technology has been proven effective in reducing concentrations of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs). In-Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO) is generally more cost effective when applied in the source area of contamination.